FIBER OPTIC CABLE

A fiber optic cable is a type of cable designed to transmit data using pulses of light through very thin strands of glass or plastic. It is mainly used in telecommunications, data networks, cable television, and high-speed connections due to its high transmission capacity and low signal loss.

How does it work?

Instead of using electrical signals (like copper cables), fiber optics transmit information as optical signals (light), which travel internally by bouncing through the fiber’s core via the principle of total internal reflection.

Typical structure:

1. Core: The path through which light travels; made of highly pure glass or plastic.

2. Cladding: Surrounds the core and keeps the light confined through reflection.

3. Protective jacket: Shields against moisture, temperature, and mechanical stress.

4. Additional reinforcements (Kevlar, gels, etc.): Used in outdoor or demanding

environments.